Wet vs. Dry Macular Degeneration: What’s the Difference and Why It Matters

Macular degeneration is a leading cause of vision loss in older adults, especially those over the age of 60. It affects the macula, the central part of the retina responsible for sharp, central vision. While macular degeneration doesn't usually lead to complete blindness, it can significantly impact daily activities like reading, driving, and recognizing faces. There are two main types of macular degeneration: dry and wet. Understanding the differences between these two forms is crucial for early detection, effective management, and preserving your vision for as long as possible.
 

Dry Macular Degeneration

Dry macular degeneration is the more common form, accounting for about 85-90% of cases. It develops gradually and is caused by the thinning of the macula as part of the aging process. One of the hallmark signs of dry AMD is the presence of drusen—tiny yellow deposits that form under the retina.
 

Symptoms of Dry AMD:

• Blurred or distorted central vision

• Difficulty recognizing faces

• Needing brighter light for reading or close work

• Colors appearing less vivid
   

Although dry AMD progresses slowly, it can lead to significant vision impairment over time. In some cases, it can advance to the more severe wet form.
 

Wet Macular Degeneration

Wet macular degeneration is less common but more serious. It occurs when abnormal blood vessels grow under the retina and leak fluid or blood, causing rapid damage to the macula. Wet AMD can develop suddenly and progress quickly, leading to more severe vision loss if not treated promptly.
 

Symptoms of Wet AMD:

• Sudden or rapid loss of central vision

• Distorted or wavy lines (a symptom called metamorphopsia)

• Dark or empty spots in the center of your vision

• Difficulty seeing in low light
   

Because of its rapid progression, wet AMD requires immediate medical attention. Fortunately, treatments such as anti-VEGF injections can help slow down or even partially reverse vision loss if caught early.
 

The Importance of Early Detection

Both forms of macular degeneration can have a profound impact on your quality of life, especially if not diagnosed and managed in a timely manner. Regular comprehensive eye exams are key to detecting early signs of the disease—even before you notice any symptoms. At Park Optometry, our advanced diagnostic tools can help identify changes in the retina, allowing us to create a personalized management plan based on your needs.
 

Schedule Your Eye Exam at Park Optometry Today

Understanding the differences between wet and dry macular degeneration is critical for protecting your vision as you age. While dry AMD progresses more slowly, wet AMD can lead to significant vision loss in a short period. Knowing the signs, getting regular eye exams, and seeking treatment early can make a substantial difference in preserving your sight.
 

If you’re over 50 or have a family history of macular degeneration, schedule an eye exam with  Park Optometry to stay ahead of potential vision issues. Visit our office in Ukiah, California, or call (707) 313-8019 to book an appointment today.